Notes to the consolidated statement of comprehensive income
32. Other comprehensive income
Other comprehensive income  | 2019  | 
  | 
Items to be reclassified to profit and loss  | ||
Exchange differences on translating foreign operations  | 4,016  | 9,938  | 
Income tax effect  | -  | -  | 
Total to be reclassified to profit and loss  | 4,016  | 9,938  | 
Items not reclassified to profit and loss  | -  | |
Fair value reserve of equity instruments at FVOCI:  | -  | |
ˑ Unrealized results during the year  | 17,498  | -3,884  | 
ˑ Foreign exchange results  | 648  | 3,639  | 
Total Fair value reserve of equity investments at FVOCI  | 18,146  | -245  | 
Actuarial gains/losses on defined benefit plans  | 8,722  | 1,923  | 
Income tax effect  | -4,410  | -1,733  | 
Total not reclassified to profit and loss  | 22,458  | -55  | 
Total other comprehensive income at December 31  | 26,474  | 9,883  | 
Tax effects relating to each component of other comprehensive income
Tax effects relating to each component of other comprehensive income  | |||
Before tax amount  | Tax (expense) benefit  | Net of tax amount  | |
Exchange differences on translating foreign operations  | 4,016  | -  | 4,016  | 
Fair value reserve of equity instruments at FVOCI  | 18,146  | -2,837  | 15,309  | 
Actuarial gains/losses on defined benefit plans  | 8,722  | -1,573  | 7,149  | 
Balance at December 31, 2019  | 30,885  | -4,410  | 26,474  | 
Before tax amount  | Tax (expense) benefit  | Net of tax amount  | |
Exchange differences on translating foreign operations  | 9,938  | -  | 9,938  | 
Fair value reserve of equity instruments at FVOCI  | -245  | -56  | -301  | 
Actuarial gains/losses on defined benefit plans  | 1,923  | -1,677  | 246  | 
Balance at December 31, 2018  | 11,616  | -1,733  | 9,883  |